An Overview of eLogistcs

Essay on overview of e-logistcs . 1. Introduction With e-commerce, the rapidly unfolding and modern logistics is increasingly due to develop in depth the concept of e-logistics . I refers to the use of electronic means, in particular the use of internet technology to complete the entire process of logistics coordination, control and management. The purpose of e-logistics is in the logistics organization,electronic transactions, services,management, logistics business activities,so quickly and easily achieve the speed of logistics, safe , reliable and low cost.Traditional logistics generally refers to products manufactured after the packaging, transportation, handling , storage . [pic] (Fig 1) E-logistics can also be referred to as logistics electronic logistics information , I refers to the use of electronic means , in particular the use of Internet technology to complete the entire process of logistics coordination , control and management, and all the middle of the front end from t he network to the final client process services. The most notable feature is the application of a variety of software and the integration of logistics services .The purpose of e-logistics is the logistics organization , electronic transactions, services , management and logistics business activities quickly and easily in order to achieve the speed, safely, reliable and low cost. [pic] To compare. The main features of e-logistics is the integration of front-end services and back-end services . Many dealers are faced with the problem of the combination of front-end customer order management, customer relationship management and back-end inventory management , warehousing management and transportation management . differences between e-logistics and traditional logistics e-logistics and traditional logistics’ biggest difference is in the information use. In traditional logistics, the information in different member or different departments . The information transparency, timelin ess and low cost. E-logistics advantage is internet technology to form a comprehensive logistics information management system. [pic] By comparison. The E-logistics specialization , especially in information processing technology, to really uses’ the integrated value of the logistics information .Transparency of information enabling customers to their own logistics information processing according to the needs of their own personalized anytime, anywhere . The continuity of logistics information to further optimize the development of the logistics of the enterprise . 4. example 7 – Eleven convenience store is now the world's largest retail network operators and is recognized as a model of convenience stores in the world.In addition to its advanced management and brand marketing to support its rapid development , another important factor is the strong rear logistics support system. 7-11 is a shop in the high-density concentration of the specific area strategies and centr alized logistics program . This program each year save 10% of the original price of goods costs. 7-11 chain is generally only 100 – 200 square meters size, has provide 2000 – 3000 kinds of food . There are food from different suppliers. Each food shortage or surplus .Transport and storage requirements are also different . at any time according to the different needs of the customer can adjust the variety of goods , all the requirements of high demands to the logistics chain. Regional centralization strategy is relatively concentrated in a certain area to open more stores and shops to be in this region reach a certain number , and then gradually extended to build stores in areas . The distribution center has a computer network distribution system, connected with suppliers and 7-11 stores .In order to ensure constant goods distribution centers will generally retain about four days of inventory based on past experience . At the same time , the center's computer system rec eive periodic inventory report every day for various shops and goods report . The distribution center focus of these reports analysis , and finally form a picture of the orders issued to different vendors , computer network to the provider , the supplier will be scheduled within center delivery of goods . -11 distribution centers in receipt of all goods , respectively, packaged goods to various shops , waiting to be sent,The next morning, the delivery vehicle will be filed out from the distribution center , select road delivery to shops in their area . The entire distribution process daily cycle. 7-11 can keep track of goods in transit , inventory, goods , and other data , additional information on the financial information and suppliers can grip into the hands of these data are crucial for a retail business . -11 currently has achieved worldwide at different temperatures with the distribution system, and set a different distribution of temperature for different categories of goods. In addition to the distribution equipment , food distribution time and frequency will have different requirements . For food there are special requirements , such as ice cream , 7- 11 bypass distribution centers, delivery vehicles early in the evening three times directly from the manufacturer, the door pulled the various shops .Implemented for the general commodities 7-11 is the distribution system three times a day , 3:00 am to 7:00 distribution the day before the evening production of food products in general , from 8:00 am to 11:00 distribution the night before the production of special foods such as milk , fresh vegetables also belong , 15:00 to 6:00 the morning of delivery the same day the production of food , such day , the distribution frequency of three times to ensure the store does not stock the same time , to ensure the freshness of food .In order to ensure that the supplier of each store ‘s foolproof , distribution center , a special distribution system and the d istribution of three times a day with . Each store will be met at any time some special cases resulting in out of stock , and then only to an emergency call to the distribution center , distribution center will be the safety stock to store emergency delivery, safety stock have been exhausted , the center turned to supply emergency cargo , and sent to the shortage of shops in the hands for the first time . -11 have been able to give full play to the characteristics and advantages of the e-logistics , they are able to in-depth understanding of marketing strategies. 5. convlusion Through research I found that the electronic logistics in Europe and the United States and Japan and South Korea and other developed economies has been more widely used, particularly , with the development of electronic commerce , e-logistics development trend . Third-party logistics development in this direction .

Mobile Money Transfer

CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Mobile money transfer Mobile money transfer, also referred to as mobile money, mobile  payment, and mobile wallet generally refer to payment services operated under  financial regulations and performed from or via a  mobile device. Instead of paying with cash, cheque, or credit cards, a consumer can use a mobile phone to pay for a wide range of services and digital or hard goods. Although the concept of using non-coin-based currency systems has a long history,  it is only recently that the technology to support such systems has become widely available.Similarly, Julia s. cheney defined mobile financial services from her paper examination of mobile banking and mobile payments as follows â€Å"Mobile financial services is a term applied to a range of financial activities conducted using mobile devices, such as cellular phones or personal digital assistants. These activities fall into two broad categories: mobile banking and mobile payments. Mobile banking allows bank customers to check balances, monitor transactions, obtain other account information, transfer funds, locate branches or ATMs, and, sometimes, pay bills. In the United States, depository institutions' mobile banking platforms rely on one or a combination of the following three strategies: SMS text messaging, browser-based programs, or downloadable mobile-banking applications. The term mobile payments refers to payment transactions initiated or confirmed using a person's mobile cellular phone or personal digital assistant. These may be such things as making a purchase at the point of sale, sending money to a person or a business, or purchasing a product or service remotely. Mobile payments generally fall into two categories. Those made at the point of sale are called â€Å"proximity payments† and are typically initiated using NFC technology. Mobile â€Å"remote payments,† on the other hand, are not transmitted by NFC but rather require payments to be initiated and settled through the mobile cellular phone network in combination with an associated payment network. These payments may involve person-to-person, person-to-business, or business-to-business payments and rely on SMS text messaging, wireless Internet technology, or a downloaded application in order to execute the payment.Mobile payment is being adopted all over the world in different ways (wirelessintelligence.com) (erricson.com 2011). In 2008, the combined market for all types of mobile payments was projected to reach more than $600B globally by 2013 (juniper research 2013),  which would be double the figure as of February, 2011 (bonsoni.com 2011). The mobile payment market for goods and services, excluding contactless  near field communication  or NFC transactions and money transfers, is expected to exceed $300B globally by 2013 (juniper research 2013). In  developing countries  mobile payment solutions have been deployed as a means of extending financial services to the community known as the â€Å"unbanked† or â€Å"under banked,† which is estimated to be as much as 50% of the world's adult population, according to Financial Access' 2009 Report â€Å"Half the World is Unbanked† (financialAccess.org 2009). These payment networks are often used for  micropayments.  The use of mobile payments in developing countries has attracted public and private funding by organizations such as the  Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation,  United States Agency for International Development  and  Mercy Corps.Mobile financial services cover a â€Å"broad range of financial activities that Consumers engage in or access using their mobile phones† (Boyd and Jacob, 2007:6). They can be classified into three separate categories: mobile banking (m?banking), Mobile money transfer (m?money transfer), and mobile payments (m?payments) (GSMA, 2008a). M?banking is subsumed under the larger category of electronic banking.Electronic banking (e?banking) refers to â€Å"the provision of retail and small value banking products and services through electronic channels. These include deposit taking, lending, account management, the provision of financial advice, electronic bill payment and the provision of other electronic payment products and services such as electronic money† (Basel 1998:3). As a form of e?banking, m?banking is defined as:†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦financial services delivered via mobile networks and performed on a mobile phone. These services may or may not be defined as banking services by the regulator, depending on the legislation of the country in question, as well as on which services are offered.† (Bà ¥ngens and Sà ¶derberg 2008: 7).Porteous (2006) further explains that mobile banking can either be additive or transformational. For the former type, m?banking is considered an additional channel for existing clients to access banking services; in the transformational category, however, it targets clients who do not have bank accounts, aiming to include them into the formal banking system. (Bà ¥ngens and Sà ¶derberg 2008). Money, on the other hand, is a form of electronic money. Electronic money refers to â€Å"stored value or prepaid payment mechanisms for executing payments via point of sale terminals, direct transfers between two devices, or over the computer networks, such as the Internet. Stored value products include hardware or card based mechanisms (electronic purses or wallets), and software or network based cash (also called digital cash)† (Basel, 1998:3?4). M? money then refers to â€Å"services that connect consumers financially through mobile phones. Mobile money allows for any mobile phone subscriber – whether banked or unbanked – to deposit value into their mobile account, send value via a simple handset to another mobile subscriber, and allow the recipient to turn that value back into cash easily and cheaply† (GSMA, 2009:7). In this way, m?money can be used for both transfers and payments. In fact, m?money is generally used in m?payments and m?money transfers rather than for m?banking. As such, m?money does not earn interest compared to bank deposits. This ensures that all e?cash (of which m?money is one) dispensed and circulating corresponds to actual funds in the system. This helps the central banks track movements in money supply1 (Mapa, 2009). With this, m?money cannot be used for savings and cannot be lent by m?money service providers (Sec 5.C and D of Circular 649) (BSP 2009). However, whether these funds should not earn interest has been questioned by some, especially when the funds that are pooled to back?up the issued e?money can be deposited in a prudentially regulated institution or invested in â€Å"lower?risk† securities (Tarazi, 2009).Thus far, the use of m?money has primarily been transactional, such as payment of bills (including payment conversion of m?money to electronic loads), transfer of funds. In microfinance, for instance, the system has largely been utilized to transfer and pay loans.Mobile banking models:Lyman et.al. (2006) makes two distinctions of branchless banking: bank led Non?bank commercial actors. This was further expanded by Goswami & Raghavendran (2009) by breaking down mobile banking variants into 5 models based on how they partner up with telecommunication providers: (1) carriers going solo, (2) banks going solo, (3) exclusive bank and telecom partnership, (4) bank telecom open partnership, and (5) open federation model. These variations indicate that there is much innovation occurring with respect to delivering m?banking/m?money services. Although innovation is important, at some point, standardization would be needed to support interoperability that would enhance services among customers (GSMA, 2008a). In fact, of the five models mentioned, the open federation model is considered by Goswami & Raghavendran (2009) as the most flexible and dynamic since it allows for a partnership between all banks and telecom companies while sharing a common platform for m? banking. The platform then expands the coverage of mobile banking and gives the unbanked a freedom to choose with whom to maintain an account. The other implication of the variety of existing models is that it creates different regulatory arrangements depending on the nature of partnerships between telecommunication carriers and financial institutions. In the case of SMART Money in the Philippines, for instance, the banking regulations have complied with by its banking partner, whereas the telecommunications aspect is addressed by the telecommunications provider. A regulatory distinction however occurs once there is e?money issuance by a telecommunication company or non?bank entity through the telecommunications operator (Lyman, et al. 2006), as was the case with Globe Telecom's G?Cash. In both cases, they had to work with financial regulators on banking regulations it was not previously concerned with. Mobile phone payments is a popular and most preferable way of sending and receiving money in Africa since the vast majority of the continents' population are ruler dwellers or uneducated (Ayo, Ukpere, Oni, Ometo, & Akinsiko, 2012; Mangudla, 2012). The concept of mobile money transfer dates back to the history of telecommunication and banking industries. There are collaborations between the two industries for the facilitation of MMT service (Ayo et.al, 2012). M-PESA was the first MMT service in Africa, which was introduced by Safaricom of Kenya (A Vodafone partner) in 2007. M-PESA (M refers to mobile, and PESA refers money in Swahili language) can be accessed from the different outlets such as the headquarter, main branches of the company, or an authorized business outlet. Safaricom registered over 20, 000 consumers for M-PESA within the first month of introducing the service (Hughes & Lonie, 2007), and the number reached more than 15 million users of MMT in Kenya after five years of launching (Michaels, 2011). He contends that there are several factors behind the wide adoption and acceptance of this service by the users including rapid migration to cities for work, a significant unbanked number of the populace, the credibility of the service provider, and finally their commitment towards families in home villages. Therefore, as asserted by Hughes & Lonie, (2007), the M-PESA is primarily designed for the unbanked populace in Kenya. The MMT also was later introduced in several African countries such as Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Ghana, Somalia among others. The success of these services in South Africa and Ghana were less than the Kenya's M-PESA success (Tobbin, 2010). MMT IN SOMALIA:MMT service in Somalia was first introduced by GOLIS , HORMUD and TELESOM telecommunication companies working with puntland, south central Somalia and Somaliland respectively. SAHAL and ZAAD money transfer was the first product; however, EVC, the hormud version of MMT, was banned by al-Shabab Group. The hormud company later introduced a more advanced service named EVC Plus. Other telecommunication service providers later offered similar products with different brands. For example, Nation link offer E-MAAL and somtel offers E-DAHAB services respectively. The lack of effective government in Somalia affected the necessities of the life and the telecommunication industry filled the governmental gap by introducing revolutionary technologies (Osman, 2012). The industry provides several services such landline, mobile phones, internet and mobile banking. The mobile banking or what we can refer to mobile money transfer is very popular in the most sophisticated and active people in Africa with regard to mobile phone payment (Osman, 2012).Many diverse factors contribute to the adoption and acceptance of these MMT services in Somalia. One major reason is that the banking systems in the country are very limited. In addition, there is much risk for caring cash since the country is still politically unstable and recovering from more than two decades of chaos and civil war (Mohamed, 2013). There are huge remittances sent by the Somali Diaspora back home to their families, friends, relatives, or business associates. There is also huge migration to the major cities because of economic crisis, famine, droughts, and job seeking. All these factors can contribute to the acceptance and usage of MMT service by the Somalis as they were behind its usage in other countries especially in Africa. There are limited empirical studies on the state of art of MMT adoption in the country. Sayid, Echchabi, and Abd. Aziz (2012) examined the mobile money acceptance in Somalia by drawing on the TAM model. Sayid et.al's (2012) study suggested that perceived usefulness and security positively affected the attitude towards mobile banking, whereas social influence and perceived usefulness significantly and positively influenced the intention to accept mobile money. Furthermore, their study suggested that perceived ease of use had positive effect on perceived usefulness of mobile money. Sayid et.al's (2012) sample size was very small (N=100) which is difficult to draw a statistical conclusion from it. In addition, this study looked at the MMT in a broader scope. However, their study provided useful insights about the factors influencing the acceptance and adoption of MMT in the country.The current study will examine the trends, challenge and future of mobile money transfer and banking in puntland. The study will focus sahal service as particular as there is no such in depth analysis in this service before. This service has 597,000 sahal service active subscribers which do mobile money services across puntland, similarly it has 86,000 active mobile payment subscribers which use sahal payment as their first choice paybills.The study will focus on these customers, the regulation and the mobile network operators to study the trends, challenges and future of this service.

Amara Holdings Limited

The company owns hotels and the different others residential as well as the commercial properties throughout different parts of the Southeast Asia. One of its hotels in Saigon was sold in the year 2008 (Amaraholdings.com, 2016). The current trends throughout the market segments revealed that the demands of the properties are increasing in large numbers and the firm has the interest in two of the office buildings, five specialty restaurants, a shopping complex, three apartments and different residential properties.Moreover, the firm is looking forward to its expansion throughout different geographical areas with the help of developing and capturing new properties. The firm was incorporated in the year 1970 and traced its roots in the 1930s. Some of the top competitors of the firm are Keppel Corporation limited, Hotel properties limited and Wheelock properties limited.   Sales have been considered to be one of the most crucial factors which help in the establishment of any of the firm concerned.  Ã‚   There need to be effective strategies from the firm in order to entry into the new market segments for establishing its business processes (Ryz?ko, 2011). The pricing from the competitors and the selection of the geographical location for the development of the properties plays a major role in increasing the profitability in this particular industry. Therefore, Amara Holdings Limited  is planning to capture different locations in order to enhance the growth and the expansion of the business processes of the firm. Amaraholdings.com. (2016).  Amara Holdings. [online] Available at: https://www.amaraholdings.com/ [Accessed 13 Nov. 2016]. Ryzko, D. (2011).  Emerging intelligent technologies in the industry. 1st ed. Berlin: Springer.

Eco-Friendly Cruise ship Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Eco-Friendly Cruise ship - Research Paper Example An example of a greenhouse gas, emitted by fuel is carbon dioxide, which is always accused of destroying the earth’s ozone layer. Based on these environmental concerns, a number of cruise ships have embarked on renovations that are eco friendly (Carnival, 2014). For example, Disney Cruise ship, and the Holland America have conducted a series of Green Renovations aimed at reducing the emission of green house gases . These renovations include the use of facilities and equipments which are known to conserve the environment. For instance, these institutions have upgraded their engine systems, to a level whereby they emit a reduced level of fuel into the atmosphere (Choice, 2014). However, this is not enough. This is because; a new phenomenon is taking shape in the tourism industry. This phenomenon is referred to as the eco-tourism trend. Tourists are now concerned with getting eco experiences while they are cruising (Wood, 2014). On this basis, tourists will choose destinations that are known for environmental conservation, and a cruise ship that has an extensive renovation, that reflects its capability to protect the environment (Choice, 2014). On this basis, it is within our suggestion to introduce a cruise ship into the family of the Royal Caribbean fleet that is eco-friendly. This will play a great role in gaining a competitive advantage over the competitors of Royal Caribbean fleet, who are mainly the Holland America Cruise Ships, and the Disney Cruise Ship (Royal Caribbean, 2014). It is important to denote that while developing a cruise ship that is eco-friendly, Royal Caribbean fleets has to consider a number of factors, such as the target customers, who will be attracted to the ship under consideration. For example, in the current century, the younger generation is more concerned with the preservation of the environment, and hence, they will be more attracted to a cruise ship that is

International Trade Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Trade - Research Paper Example To properly project the significance of international trade, this essay therefore has three goals: 1) to examine the aims and rationale of international trade through the examples of China and India, and lastly, 2) to compare the effects of international trade on developed and developing countries. Developed and developing countries, however, have different goals for engaging in international trade. The former, in the negative sense, aims to further their own advantage or, positively, to help the economic struggles of the latter. For their part, developing countries aim to achieve the same level of development and prosperity as the developed ones. A change from status—developing to newly developed—may also change such trade goals. Generally though, trading is for survival or for the maintenance of countries’ economies. Countries exchange goods based on resources that are abundant in one and resources that are scarce in the other. This has also been called by David Ricardo as â€Å"comparative advantage† and is one of the rationales for the existence of trade. Nation-states export goods that are produced in large quantities within the national economy, while they import goods that are either scarce or produced in small quantities in domestic markets (Husted & Melvin, 2000, pp.60-61). Regardless of the nation’s capacity, â€Å"profitability of production† is still achievable so long as there is a "comparative advantage." Although absolute advantages in the goods they produce may be absent, all economies that are operated by competitive markets have comparative advantages. Ricardo further proposes that â€Å"no country can long import, unless it also exports, or can long export unless it also imports" (as cited in Blatt, 2004). He confirms that there are benefits to be had in the import-export of goods between and among trading nations. Hence, engaging in both is â€Å"equally essential† so as to

Managing and understanding organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing and understanding organisations - Essay Example 4). All people related aspects and functions performed in any organization, regardless of the size of the organization and regardless of the fact that who is performing them, come under the umbrella of human resource management. From job analysis to planning for labour needs, from recruitment to selecting, from orienting employees to training the, from conducting performance appraisals to deciding on wages and salaries, from allocating benefits and perks to building employee commitment and motivation, human resource management deals with all of them. Companies may have various assets that â€Å"make things† possible but these are the people in the company that make â€Å"things happen† (Legge, pp. 63-64, 2005). According to its definition, organisational behaviour is the systematic study and knowledge about process of understanding, prediction, and management of human behaviour in organizations and workplace setting. Important here to note is that organizational behavio ur in itself is an interdisciplinary field, which converges topics from management, human resource management, psychology, sociology, and communications. ... R&D development dollars have nothing to with the level of innovation that any company would be able to achieve but innovation depends entirely on the people, their talent, and their leadership (Mathis & Jackson, pp. 354-356, 2010). Discussion A. Resourcing an Organisation Small and Medium sized Enterprises have various distinct advantages over the large businesses and in this digital era, these advantages have further amplified. More control, greater freedom, quick feedback, and others are few advantages. However, as SMEs enter into their growth phase, they encounter various problems that are primarily related to their lack of knowledge about human resource management. Most SMEs have one person managing all human, financial, production, supply chain, distribution, administrative and other aspects of business (Torrington, Hall & Taylor, pp. 98-99, 2008). Not only there is no expert person to deal with human resource issues but also at the same time, the owner finds himself or herself with little or no time to address them or even if he or she does, it becomes difficult to do justice with those issues in relation with time and effort. In fact, almost 65 percent of the small businesses fail during the first three years of operation and one important reason behind the same is poor human resource management. In addition, this is one factor where large companies have inherent advantage. Internet has taken away many of the advantages related to size, geographical reach, scope, economies of scale, communication and others present to large business over SMEs but this is one advantage, even competitive advantage for some firms, that remains with large business despite the revolution of this digital age. Large firms are more likely to have an established separate department to

Compare three recent fictional movies (from the 1990s or 2000s) about Essay

Compare three recent fictional movies (from the 1990s or 2000s) about prison - Essay Example Moreover, the aspect that led to the selection of the films is that they were setting is almost entirely within a prison facility. This means that the films can be described as prison films. The mentioned films will be analysed critiquing the topic of the death penalty, intertwining this with the architectural and visual outlook of prisons. These films exist in the following frames: (1) Guilty victim that is reformed to build empathy as demonstrated in The Shawshank Redemption (1994) (2) The fight to save an innocent victim as evident in The Green Mile (1999) and (3) Critique of capital punishment in the subtext Against the Wall (1994). In all films, the theme of retribution is seen when all main characters are sent to prison for their ill doings. In The Shawshank Redemption, Andy Dufresne was convicted for murdering his wife and lover in cold blood. In The Green Mile, retribution is evident at the start of the film when John Coffey is accused of murdering two girls (Magistrale & Palgrave Connect (Online service), 2008). In the movie Against the Wall, the theme of retribution is evident when Michael Smith is seen at the beginning of the movie. This implies that he performed a criminal act to get in prison initially. The justice restored version of The Shawshank Redemption shows that it will not be every day that prisoners will lose, sometimes they win. This is evident when Andy and Red achieved redemption in the film. The technique The Green Mile uses is admission of guilt, establishing individual responsibility as well as redemption. This is evident when Paul Edgecomb comes to realise that John Coffery is innocent, and he also possess divine healing powers. This highlights the theme of the possibility of ending the life of an innocent being (Wilson & OSullivan, 2004). The Shawshank Redemption portrays a prison as a place which harbours individuals. This addresses the themes of rehabilitation and reintegration. The theme of reintegration is seen

According to the existing material, to write a report to the Essay - 2

According to the existing material, to write a report to the management team to address the strategic issues facing the company as it embarks on expansion including international expansion - Essay Example The company is teaching martial arts to more than 300 primary and secondary schools and had a membership of more than 20000 people. Nippon UK having different brands such as Nippon UK Martial Arts, Nippon Retreats and Martial Arts Holiday, Nippon Uk Presents and Nippon Professional Development (Prestonmartialarts, 2012). Brand identity can be defined as the outer expression of a brand. Brand identity mainly includes trademark, name, visual appearnce and communication. In addition, brand identity helps in identifying a brand and distinguishing it from the other brands. Nippon UK Martial Arts offer their customers the opportunity to practise, learn and understand the martial art skill. The services provided are self defense, children and adult jujitsu, ladies and mixed kick boxing, little ninjas and judo (University of Texas, 2012). Hence the brand identity should reflect its dedication towards their target customer base. In accordance with the vision of Nippon UK martial arts following brand logo has been designed. Weaknesses – Nippon UK Martial Arts goes in a traditional way. The way they follow to teach the students is not fully advanced. So in this case any other school of martial art can take the advantage of using modern and technology based methods to operate. Hence the company has failed to set barriers of entry for new players. Opportunities – The biggest opportunity of the company lies in international expansion. Initially it can expand to the European Union countries. Apart from that the company also has the opportunity to make use of modern tools and techniques for training. Threats – The threat for Nippon UK martial arts comes in the form of intense rivalry within the industry. Training schools such as Freestyle Kickboxing, Red Dragon Martial Arts and Shinobi Kai Basingstoke offer stiff competition (Martialartsclubs, n.d.). The decresing popularity of martial arts can also be

Week #7 Learning Activities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week #7 Learning Activities - Essay Example Sex† should not only be about the biological differences between male and female because of instances where such differences are not clearly determined. An example would be people who have Gender Identity Disorder, where people feel â€Å"a disjunction between ones sexual organs and sexual identity† (Bible 3) and people who are born with two or no sex organs, so they are free to choose between the two. With the existence of vague sexual identity because of biology, the law must consider gender identity and sexual orientation as part of â€Å"sex† too. Gender is based on the belief that sex is socially produced. Gender identity, in addition, even sexual orientation, can also be seen as a process for people who are undergoing sex changes or experiencing sexual identity confusion. If people are unsure of their gender or sex, then they must be free to determine it, or even be free to have an open gender, if that is acceptable to them. Society, in turn, should not limit their rights and freedoms, simply because their gender identity is floating or more fluid than the fixed notions of masculinity and femininity (which should not be fixed at all). Finally, â€Å"sex† should also be a decision for one’s gender identity outcomes. As in the case of Eastern Airline pilot, Ulane should not be discharged because of changes in her gender identity. She deserves to work and to be respected and accepted by society like others, whatever her gender identity is. Nonetheless, since such an open interpretation of â€Å"sex† is not yet socially or legally accepted and applied, I believe that Ulane can still use same-sex discrimination as a basis for her claims, like what happened to Smith V. City of Salem. Ulane can claim sexual discrimination for not fitting into gender stereotypes, where she can argue that she experienced sexual discrimination, since only male pilots are more accepted in Eastern than female pilots, and where, by being transsexual, he is discriminated because he is

Effective Communication Skills in the Organization Assignment

Effective Communication Skills in the Organization - Assignment Example Demonstrate a proficiency in administrative skills required in an organization.Demonstrate a proficiency in administrative skills required in an organization. Proficiency in administrative skills in an organization can be processed in several ways. Â  The simplest form is the ability to understand the communication of the organization’s leader. Â  The ability to operate the computer and type, do emails is a demonstration of administrative skills. Â  The ability to do reports, minutes, proposals and organize one’s workstation is a demonstration of administrative skills. Demonstrate introductory college-level proficiency in one or more of the social sciences. 28 Foremost, a college student must be able to understand the content and extent of the various social sciences. Â  The ability to understand, synthesize and critique various perspectives as put forward by the many theories of social science is a demonstration of introductory college-level proficiency in social science. Â  One must also be able to relate its theories as an explanation of a social phenomenon that is happening around us. Â  Finally, one’s ability to give a reflection or evaluation of a social science theory is a manifestation of proficiency in social science.

Cultural Context Question - Rough Draft Essay Example for Free

Cultural Context Question Rough Draft Essay Q. â€Å"A reader can feel uncomfortable with the values and attitudes presented in texts† Compare the extent to which the values and attitudes that you encountered, in at least two texts on your comparative course, made you feel uncomfortable. A.The texts i have chosen to write about is the play Sive by John B Keane, the novel How Many Miles To Babylon? (Babylon) by Jennifer Johnson and the film Im Not Scared (INS) directed by Gabriele Salvatores. In the play Sive, Mena is a powerful women who controls her husband just as Alicia controls her husband in Babylon. Both of these women make me feel uncomfortable because the women can wield their household to the detriment of others. This is not apparent in INS. The manipulation of men by women is completely absent in INS. There is a lack of communication between Mike and Mena Glavin. This is due to how the marriage of the Glavins was convenient contract rather than a romance. This is also evident in the marriage of the Moores. Alicia Moore is a cold hearted women who dismisses her husband as a ‘ineffective’ man. Mike and Frederick are similar in this way. They are incapable of withstanding the pressures placed on them by their wives. They yield to these pressures. Men are depicted as weak and easy to manipulate or intrusive bullies like Major Glendinnig and Thomaseen Rua who are cruel cynics hat impose their wills on others with cruelty. In sive, Thomaseen Rua threatens Nanna. A corresponding moment occurs in Babylon when Major Glendinning threatens the soldiers before he battle. This is a very disturbing image to me because Major Glendinning is a callous and cruel man. Just as Thomaseen is to sive. The portrait of men in the play is just as negative as in the novel. In he film the image of men is exceedingly negative. The men are eiher brutal, hostile individuals or weak complicit allies of the sadistic Sergio. Sergio reminds us of Glendinning, he accuses the men of being imcompotent and stupid. Mike betrays his niece in order to gain money for his tremendous greed. He chooses to feed his gluttony instead of the truthful, right thing. The only decent male in the play is Liam  Scuab. He has courage and courtesy to respect Sive as she wants to be respected. Just as alec is an courteous man in Babylon. His heroic sacrifice is doneout of love for his best friend. He knows that he will die but does it anyway. In the book Babylon, the social class have a huge impact on the people. In sive it is not such this way. Alicia doesn’t want Alec near jerry because of the differences between the amounts of money their parents make. Although we observe the extreme poverty of Carthalawn and Pats Bocock and the relative wealth of Sean Dota, there is not the same division in the play as there is in the novel. He differences in social status does not create the same tension is Sive as it does in the novel. Alicia ensured her social position by marrying Frederick in much the same way as the Glavins are trying to marry Sive off to Sean Dota. Sive has a relationship with Liam scuab a local boy and the different social status is not an obstacle for them. The differences in social staus creates conflict. These are not only to do with money but religion, education and politics as well. In INS and Babylon, this issue is palpable. In both these texts, people are willing to kill for personal gain. The portrayal of men in both texts is a disturbing one. This is evident. Either the men are pathetic, feeble men or brutal animals. Frederick moore is a drained man. His wife is a malicious women who always gets her own way because Frederick is too old and tired to fight with her anymore. Just as mike is with mena. He choses not to fight anymore for a sense of peace in his life. He goes against his morals to give her what she wants out of greed and his timid nature towards mena. This theme of weak, feeble or mericiless, heartless men is typical of both texts. We see similar abusive cruelty in the film through the male gang members led by Sergio. While betrayal is conveyed in an interesting way in Babylon when Frederick lets Alicia get her own way despite alec’s protests, it is conveyed more intensely in sive when mike lets mena sell sive off to sean doa for their own gain. This is a very disturbing image. Betrayal is also a highly strong theme in INS. Sergio gets betrayed by his own son when Michele find filipo  hidden in the whole in the ground. He helps the young boy. This is seen as betrayal to Sergio. The values and attitudes presented in these texts are very disturbing. They will make you feel uncomfortable and edgy. Study the values and attitudes of these three texts has been an enjoyable experience and i have learned more about different social back grounds, different views on life and more. These three texts are a good example of how people may rise above society and what is expected to grow as a race and choose to change things around for equality.

The Half brothers Essay Example for Free

The Half brothers Essay He doesnt understand how someone could leave another person to die, and to him, the fact they were in a war, where people are killed, doesnt make a difference. I suppose that if a person has not experienced the feelings of what its like to be in a war, to lose someone you dearly love, then there will never be able to totally understanding as to how someone could do something so sad. I also believe that during the 1930s and the 1940s, people had a different way of life. The fact that Mrs Rutter lost her husband in the war made her feel as though the jerry plane crashing was a blessing, and it is obvious she has no regrets. We see how Sandra has an insight at why Mrs. Rutter felt she had nothing to be sorry for in acting this way. The setting of The Half-Brothers shows a sense of loneliness and most of the story takes place on the harsh and lonely Fells. There was also the lack of relatives and friends at the funeral of her daughter. In the text it says that the people who did go were Neighbours my aunt, and one far off cousin, Who were all the friends they could muster It shows that she doesnt even have hope of having anyone to be close to. She has her sister, but they are of very different personalities. Even though Aunt Fanny was a kind, warm hearted creature, who thought more of her sisters welfare than she did of her own Helen felt they couldnt talk to each other and because of this, could not share her feelings of sadness with anyone. This feeling that the main character no longer has anyone to understand them is strong in both of the stories. Later in the story Helen gives birth to a baby boy who she called Gregory. And he became her life. She seemed after that to think of nothing but her new little baby. Helen used her obsession as a way out of thinking about the bad things that were happening to her. Because she had felt so lonely, she found her new child the only thing to make living worthwhile. Her sister was really worried about her still, as she knew that with no money they would surely be unable to survive, so Aunt Fanny stayed, but she knew that something would still have to be done. Thats when William Preston, who was afterwards my father, came in, Helen married William Preston because he said that he would make sure that her child was looked after, the child that was Helens sole reason for being. He basically bought her into marriage, and it is obvious that Helen only married him because of her financial situation. This means that it was clear from the beginning of the marriage that William Preston wanted Helen because of her good looks, and Helen needed him more because she had no money. This made it very easy for him to rule over her. This saddens the reader, as Helen is so weak that she feels that all she has to live for is her only child. Helen falls pregnant again, and was unsure about having another child, as she loved Gregory so much. She guards him with her life, and because of this, she gives birth early due to an argument about Gregory being bad, as she made excuses for his behaviour. William Preston knows that Helen does not love him the way he wishes she would, and he feels jealous by all her love for her sons. He blames everything on Gregory, and when Helen dies due to the early birth, that too is his fault. He is not treated the same as he is only seen to William as a stepson. Almost as though he is nothing but an inconvenience. The ending of the story made me feel sad by what happened. The tension in the darkness out there is that of fear, of shock, but in half brothers it comes across in sadness of the tragic events that happened in the story and the unfortunate fate of Gregory. The Half-Brothers is a very detached story, as the narrator does not seem to have any sort of connection with the people he is talking about, even though he is the second son, he bears no name throughout the whole story. The narrator in The Darkness Out There I would say is Sandra. I think this because right at the very end of the story, it is Sandra who does what seems to be a conclusion, and this brings out her maturity. At the beginning she is annoyed by something so small as who she has to work with, but the events that happen show her how everything is not always as it appears. At the end, it is not only Kerry who has grown, but herself too. My Own Personal Views: I found the story Half-Brothers more informative and its structure appealed to me more because I found it more interesting. However I found the contrast between darkness and light in the story by Penelope Lively rather fascinating. The twist and turns of the short story were very cleverly put together to form a roller coaster of a read. When I was reading the beginning of the story about sunshine and flowers I started to think about the title and how it seemed very strange in connection to what I was reading. The reader could quite easily become stuck into what at first seems like some kind of fairytale, only to be suddenly hit by a somewhat shocking ending which is totally unexpected. Half-Brothers has a rather steady flow. I do not mean by this that there is no tension because that certainly is not the case. The tale has a very tragic structure all the way through, and all throughout reading this story, as a reader, I felt generally saddened almost as though it were a true story.

What teachers need in order to deal with Ethical Dilemmas

What teachers need in order to deal with Ethical Dilemmas Ethics are defined as a set of principles of right conducts; the rules or standards governing the conduct of a person or the members of a profession ( Dictionary of the Human Language, 2000).   Teachers are often put in situations that require more than just knowing the basic school rules. It is within these situations, that the ethical dilemmas occur. There is not always a right way to deal with many daily problems that face educators, but there are ways to handle situations that are better then others.   Teachers should follow and refer to a code of ethics to help teach in the most appropriate and ethical way; as well as a guide to help deal with dilemmas. It is important that teachers give children a fair chance to show their knowledge when assessing.   The purpose of assessment is to provide feedback that can be used to improve student performance ( Orange 2000).   Teachers assess children to ensure that they are understanding the material, and to make sure they are learning.   For young children especially tests should never be the only criteria of assessment.   Instructors should always make sure that their assessment is fair.   When testing a child, make sure that the testing method used is appropriate for that child.   For example, if giving a test that relies on visual aids to administer the test it is important that the teacher is certain that all the children have good enough vision to clearly see the aids.   When assessing young children in particular it is important to look for more then simply right or wrong.   An in depth look is necessary to see what the children really know before giving them a poor grade.   Childrens work needs to critiqued in more then one way to be sure that they really do or dont understand. Varied assessment   methods developed and evaluated by teachers make a significant contribution   to knowledge about what children know, can do, and still need to learn. (Isenberg Jalongo, 2000) Children have the right to confidentiality.   It is inappropriate for a teacher to discuss a childs results with fellow colleagues or other students.   A childs grades should be private, and should not be posted.   Students might be ashamed of their grades, or some people might take poor grades as a bad reflection upon the students character.   Public pronouncements (of grades) are likely to taint everyones opinion of that childs ability (Isenberg Jalongo, 2000 ).   It is important not to share professional confidential information in any other way but a professional way.   There are appropriate and inappropriate times to share a childs information, part of becoming a professional is knowing when to keep quiet and protect confidentiality (Isenberg Jalongo, 2000).  Ã‚  Ã‚   Just as braking confidentiality is inappropriate so is teacher bias and discrimination.   It is suppose to be that school is the only institution that can counter the accidents of birth, guarantee of opportunity and provide objective and fair ways to select and train talented individuals (Goodlad, Sirotnik Sober,1990).   However, discrimination towards students takes place all the time.   Teachers often discriminate against males and females, expecting different things from both.   Research over the last decade has shown that males and females have different classroom experiences because they approach learning differently and because teachers tend to treat them differently.   There is an expectation that for females in some subjects are usually lower, as they are for members of certain racial and ethnic groups and for poor students. (Hanson Shwartz, 1992). Boys are usually associated with doing better in math then girls, while girls are thought of as to excel in English.   It seems as though teacher are aware of this bias and instead of helping to stop it they make it worse by treating the children differently.   Teachers continue the bias by picking teachers pets.   Teachers are not suppose to pick favorites.   If they do they are certainly not suppose to treat them any differently from the rest of the class.   If teachers favor and esteem certain members of a peer group, the remaining children will understandably have a diminished sense of self worth (Orange, 2000).   Teachers should take the time to evaluate their own behavior, evaluating whether or not they treat children differently.   This could also help teachers overcome racial, social or gender biases as well as favoritism.   According to the survey, 82 percent of students say they have had a teacher who has favored one student over others and 52 percent of teachers admit to having done so (Argarwal, 2001). Teachers are inevitably going to have certain children they enjoy more, its human nature. Its when teachers begin to give special brakes, or give better grades to certain students solely because they like the students character better, that is when favoritism gets out of hand.   It is very easy to cross the line or use inappropriate punishment as a teacher.   Teachers must choose their punishment techniques carefully.   Corporal punishment is no longer allowed in a vast majority of states.   A school discipline policy is a good guide for teachers to follow to make sure they are using an appropriate discipline method. On the other hand, even the best policy is only a document, and how it is carried out is at least as important as what it says (Gushee, 1984).   When a child misbehaves it is important to consider what is causing this behavior.   Childrens motivation for bad behavior usually has to do with love, power, freedom or fun- or some combination. (Isenberg Jalongo, 2000).   When deciding appropriate discipline it is important for the educator to keep in mind whether or not the discipline is necessary, productive, fair, or age appropriate.   The basic minimum requirement for understanding any young childs behavior begins by building a relationship with them and depends upon effective communication ( Isenberg Jalongo, 2000).   Rather then constant discipline teachers should remember to look for the good as well.   To avoid dealing with problems unethically, and to guide educators in the right way there are a set of principles.   The principles are intended to guide, conduct and assist practitioners in resolving ethical dilemmas encountered in the field (The National Association for the Education of Young Children Code of Ethical Conduct, 2000, as cited in Isenberg Jalongo, 2000).   There are answers to some specific questions, but not all dilemmas are addressed on the Code of Ethics.   They can not tell a teacher how to teach but they can lead them in the right way. Most problems will require the use of the Code as well as professional judgment (The National Association for the Education of Young Children Code of Ethical Conduct, 2000, as cited in Isenberg Jalongo, 2000). The National Association for the Education of Young Children Code of Ethical Conduct believes that there are certain values that teachers should always keep in mind while educating.   The Association states that Standards of ethical behavior are based on commitment to core values that are deeply rooted in the history of our field.   The core values include ideas such as: appreciating childhood as a unique stage, basing work on the knowledge of child development, appreciating and supporting the close ties between family and child, knowing that children are best understood in the context of their family and culture, respecting the dignity and uniqueness of each individual (child, family member, and colleague), and to try to help children and adults achieve their full potential in the context in relationships that are based on trust, respect, and positive regard. There is no perfect way to teach, and it is hard to find the perfect solution to every problem.   The best way for a teacher to deal with ethical situations is to try to avoid the problem to begin with.   Teachers should always think about their actions and evaluate their behavior on a regular basis.   Problems that deal with concepts such as bias, or favoritism can be avoided by a teacher simply evaluating himself and his behavior.   Problems with assessment and confidentiality just take a little consideration, and thinking through.   If teacher would refer to the Code of Ethics it might help lead them in the most appropriate and ethical actions and solutions. The National Association for the Education for Young Children Code of Ethical Behavior states that; Above all, we shall not harm children.   We shall not participate in practices that are disrespectful, degrading, dangerous, exploitive, intimidating, emotionally damaging, or physically harmful to children.   They say that, that principle has precedence over all others.

Powerful Symbols and Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie :: Glass Menagerie essays

Powerful Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚  Ã‚   Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie is a classic among classics for a number of reasons. The narrator, Tom Wingfield, gives the reader an inside look into the lives of a common family living in the pre-war depression era. The members of this family experience a great deal, and their lives are made much more vivid and meaningful through Williams' use of symbolism. Three well-crafted symbols are the fire escape, which provides hope and an escape to the outside world and from it; the glass menagerie, which is a metaphor for Laura's fragility and uniqueness; and rainbows, which symbolize unrealized hopes and aspirations. Through the use of these symbols, the reader is presented with the universal theme that unfulfilled hopes and desires are an unwanted, albeit important aspect of the human experience. This theme is revealed in a stylized, artistic manner, which is one of the reasons why The Glass Menagerie is a meaningful classic.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Symbols are a major part of this play that Tom, who is a poet, admits he has a weakness for. One of the first to be presented in the story is the fire escape that serves as the passageway to the apartment. The escape has a different meaning and function for each character and is also said to have an "accidental poetic truth" (21). For Tom, it is a means of escape from fire, "the slow and implacable fires of human desperation"(21). This is especially true of Tom's apartment, which is "both literally and metaphorically a trap which Tom and his mother, at least, wish to escape" (Bigsby 34). His mother, Amanda, is devastated after her daughter Laura's failure to cope in business college. This is a let down of Amanda's hopes of escaping because she has "invested what little she had to free both herself and Laura" (Bigsby 34). Amanda then becomes obsessed with finding Laura a gentleman caller so that she can marry and be supported as another means of escape, at least f or Laura. When this caller finally comes, and it seems like it was meant to be, as they dance and kiss, he announces he is engaged, and dashes their hopes. The ever-fragile Laura, temporarily drawn out of her dream-world shell of her glass collection and the victrola, draws further back into herself. Now a terrible desperation fills the apartment, and Tom decides he must escape the suffocating environment to follow his own calling.

Philosophy of Time and Media with Jacques Derrida and Richard Rorty :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Philosophy of Time and Media with Jacques Derrida and Richard Rorty ABSTRACT: This paper is divided into four sections. The first provides a survey of some significant developments which today determine philosophical dealings with the subject of 'time.' In the second part it is shown how the question of time and the question of media are linked with one another in the views of two contemporary philosophers: Jacques Derrida and Richard Rorty. In section three, the temporal implications of cultural practices which are developing in the new medium of the Internet are analyzed, and finally, related to my main theses. In his book The Transparent Society Gianni Vattimo, the Italian media philosopher, advocates the "hypothesis" that "the intensification of communicative phenomena and the increasingly prominent circulation of information, with news flashed around the world (or McLuhan's 'global village') as it happens, are not merely aspects of modernization amongst others, but in some way the centre and the very sense of this process" (Vattimo, 1992, 14f). Vattimo's hypothesis is shared by Jacques Derrida, the founder of postmodern deconstructionism. In the essay The Other Heading - Reflections on Today's Europe Derrida formulated his basic media-philosophical diagnosis with a view to Europe as follows: "European cultural identity cannot (...) renounce (...) the great avenues or thoroughfares of translation and communication, and thus, of mediatization. But, on the other hand, it cannot and must not accept the capital of a centralizing authority (...). For by constituting places of an easy concensus , places of a demagogical and 'salable' consensus, through mobile, omnipresent, and extremely rapid media networks, by thus immediately crossing every border, such normalization would establish a cultural capacity at any place and at all times. It would establish a hegemonic center, the power center or power station [la centrale], the media center or central switchboard [le central] of the new imperium: remote control as one says in English for the TV, a ubiquitous tele-command, quasi-immediate and absolute" (Derrida, 1992, 39f). What's expressed in this diagnosis is the inner ambivalence with regard to the basic structures of our understanding of the world and ourselves which is emerging in the wake of the comprehensive mediatization of human experience of time. On the one hand lies an indispensable chance in this for the constitution of "European cultural identity"; on the other hand it harbours the danger of "a hegemonic center's" establishing itself, one which might soar to beco me the media centre of a new imperium.

Changes in Volunteerism in the Information Revolution :: Volunteering Community Sevice Essays

Changes in Volunteerism in the Information Revolution Non-profit organizations that use the help of volunteers are being faced with new challenges in recruiting and retaining the new generation of volunteers. Certainly as the years pass, the interest of the volunteers’ changes in how they wish, or in what ways they can donate of themselves. When the American Red Cross was in its beginnings from before the turn of the century to the 1920’s, its primary focus was disaster relief. By the time of World War II (Dulles), dozens of new services provided by volunteers had been added to the original responsibilities. Today as in the past, our society approaches a new age and a new generation whose interest in volunteerism must be exploited by volunteer organizations if they wish to survive this change and continue to provide service to people in need. This paper explores the possible reasons for this change at it analyzes the idea that the new baby boomer generation of retired (or nearly so) volunteers and the Generation X an d Y volunteers (who are now of working age) want to help in a different way by using of their specialized skills. The new volunteers want to volunteer on their own time—perhaps even at their home on the computer. Many would be volunteers have not joined because they have not been told their specialized skill could be greatly used on projects to help people in need. Organizations are just realizing the untapped potential in many of its volunteers. They are realizing that â€Å"volunteer† does not mean â€Å"amateur.† In fact, according to the Volunteer 2000 Study by the American Red Cross, management expert Peter F. Drucker recently observed that more and more organizations are selecting, training, and managing volunteers as â€Å"unpaid staff† rather than as â€Å"well meaning amateurs.† Consider the electrician who spends some weekends working without pay at a project to rehabilitate housing for the homeless. Or the computer literacy teacher that trains paid staff how to build a web page. These volunteers are professionals volunteering in their professional expertise—they are not amateurs. These volunteers add value and strength to the organization to complete its mission. Taking into account that changes may not be good for all volunteer organizations, new opportunities are available for people to help in the information age as never before. Changes in Volunteerism in the Information Revolution :: Volunteering Community Sevice Essays Changes in Volunteerism in the Information Revolution Non-profit organizations that use the help of volunteers are being faced with new challenges in recruiting and retaining the new generation of volunteers. Certainly as the years pass, the interest of the volunteers’ changes in how they wish, or in what ways they can donate of themselves. When the American Red Cross was in its beginnings from before the turn of the century to the 1920’s, its primary focus was disaster relief. By the time of World War II (Dulles), dozens of new services provided by volunteers had been added to the original responsibilities. Today as in the past, our society approaches a new age and a new generation whose interest in volunteerism must be exploited by volunteer organizations if they wish to survive this change and continue to provide service to people in need. This paper explores the possible reasons for this change at it analyzes the idea that the new baby boomer generation of retired (or nearly so) volunteers and the Generation X an d Y volunteers (who are now of working age) want to help in a different way by using of their specialized skills. The new volunteers want to volunteer on their own time—perhaps even at their home on the computer. Many would be volunteers have not joined because they have not been told their specialized skill could be greatly used on projects to help people in need. Organizations are just realizing the untapped potential in many of its volunteers. They are realizing that â€Å"volunteer† does not mean â€Å"amateur.† In fact, according to the Volunteer 2000 Study by the American Red Cross, management expert Peter F. Drucker recently observed that more and more organizations are selecting, training, and managing volunteers as â€Å"unpaid staff† rather than as â€Å"well meaning amateurs.† Consider the electrician who spends some weekends working without pay at a project to rehabilitate housing for the homeless. Or the computer literacy teacher that trains paid staff how to build a web page. These volunteers are professionals volunteering in their professional expertise—they are not amateurs. These volunteers add value and strength to the organization to complete its mission. Taking into account that changes may not be good for all volunteer organizations, new opportunities are available for people to help in the information age as never before.

Hals Woodworking

HAL’S WOODWORKING SWOT ANALYSIS Table of Contents SWOT Diagram†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 Strengths†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Weaknesses†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 Opportunities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 Threats†¦. †¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Conclusions and Recommendations.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 References†¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 |   | Strengths|   | |   |   | Weaknesses|   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | †¢| Family owned business|   | | †¢| Local presence| |   | †¢| Local community presence|   | | †¢| Limited Internet website|   | †¢| Service oriented tradition.   | | †¢| Small online selection|   | †¢| Established tradition|   | | †¢| No internet business knowledge| †¢| Has established customer base. | | †¢| Limited staff | |   | †¢| Management is committed to company. | | †¢| Limited budget| |   | †¢| Qualified and knowledgeable staff| | †¢| Don't have a detailed plan yet. |   | | | |   | | †¢| We would be a small player. |   |   | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | SWOT SWOT |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |   | Opportunities|   | |   |   | Threats|   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | †¢| Increased internet exposure|   | | †¢| Increased competition from brick and| †¢| Increased sales| |   | |   | mortar stores like Home Depot. | †¢| Larger customer base|   | | †¢| Increased competition from online| †¢| Profit margins will be good. |   | |   | retailers such as Amazon. |   | †¢| Coul d seek better supplier deals. | | †¢| Competition can easily enter market. | †¢| Opportunity to expand|   | | †¢| Vulnerable to reactive attacks by major|   | | | |   | |   | competitors. | |   | | | | |   | | †¢| Price competition| |   | | | |   | | †¢| Risk of losing family owned reputation|   | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | | | | |   | |   | | | |   | |   |   |   |   | |   |   |   |   |   | Introduction This SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis evaluates the desirability of expanding Hal’s Woodworking website beyond its current state. The current website includes information about the company and some store information, such as locations and hours. Management is considering expanding the web site to include online shopping.Through the analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportu nities, and threats I have determined that expanding Hal’s Woodworking is good idea since it has many strengths that will overcome its weaknesses. Expanding will be necessary for the company to stay in business for the long term. But Hal’s Woodworking also needs to focus on their weaknesses and threats to avoid being run out of business by large chain retailers such as Home Depot and Amazon. Strengths Hal’s Woodworking has various strengths that could make the expansion of selling products on a website successful.Hal’s Woodworking has strong local community presence that through the expansion of the website will allow the company to reach customers who they can’t reach now by moving from local to worldwide. The company also has strong reputation of being providing high qualified service through knowledgeable staff. That strength could be translated to the website if the inventory that the company offers on the website is tailored by the staff that knows the product. In doing that the customer could either buy it from the online store or go to the store with the knowledge of what they want.That could lead to a no hassle experience for their valued customers and new customers. Weaknesses Hal’s Woodworking has various weaknesses that could hinder the success of expanding to shopping on their website. The store is local and will only showcase a limited selection of their products online. Being a local presence the price points for the products will not compete with the bigger websites like Amazon and Home Depot. But if the company wants to compete, lower prices will be needed which will cause a decline on profit margins for the products offered by the company.With no solid plan in place Hal’s Woodworking needs some expert advice before entering the ecommerce world. Opportunities Hal’s Woodworking will have various opportunities that could help the company succeed in expanding its website. Currently the compan y offers classes and workshops for the homeowner and hobbyist each month and regularly schedules seminars that are underwritten and taught by manufacturers. If the company could offer those videos on the website it could add even more value to high-end specialty tools currently being considered for the website.In expanding to selling online it will lead to increased exposure and the increased web presence which could lead to increased sales that could help the company to eventually expand. Threats Hal’s Woodworking will have various threats that could threaten the company expansion of its website. In order to reach their valued customers, it will be a threat for them to compete with big time companies like Amazon and Home Depot since these big companies already promote products at low prices. This will leave Hal’s woodworking susceptible to price changes and could leave the company with low profit margins if Hal’s decides to compete on price.Lastly, Hal’s Woodworking risks losing their family owned reputation if it strays from what has made them successful. Conclusion and Recommendations In order for Hal’s Woodworking to succeed the company could create and expand partnerships with other tool manufacturers. This could allow the company to be able to bid for lower prices of products and eventually sell those products to consumers at a lower cost. Another recommendation includes having promotions, free products, or loyalty discounts for regular costumers that visit the website.This will help retain current customers and help gain new customers. Lastly an online membership could help the company monitor customer trends. With a solid plan in place and expert advice, Hal’s Woodworking could successfully sell products on a website if the company uses its established reputation. Although the company can’t compete with the cheap prices from big companies it can offer superior service which the company is known for. Refe rences Schneider, Gary P. Electronic Commerce. Boston, MA: Course Technology Cengage Learning, 2013. Print.

Principles of economics: understanding monopoly Essay

Refer to the diagram at a lower place for a non-discriminating monopolist and answer the spare-time activity questions 1 to 7 pic 1. The profit-maximizing create for this square is M. T / F 2. At the profit-maximizing sidetrack the firms economic profit provide be BAFG. T / F 3. At output R economic profits will be zero. T / F 4. At output Q issue will be unprofit open. T / F 5. The profit-maximizing expenditure for this firm is J. T / F 6. At output M summation equal will be 0CHM. T / F 7.If the government regulates the monopolist so that it charges the socially optimal price, the monopolist will T / F produce output Q. 8. A monopoly is an attention with a single firm in which the entry of new firms is blocked. T / F 9. If entry of new firms is out(p) in a exquisite monopoly industry the monopolist may be able to earn normal profit inT / F the long run. 10. The pure monopolists demand meander is the industry demand curve. T / F 11. A monopolist se ts the price at which fringy gross equals marginal court.T / F 12. When a monopolist incurs a loss it will produce as long as its total revenue enhancement covers its total variant costs. T / F 13. Natural monopolies result from extensive economies of weighing machine in production. T / F arm B 1. pic Refer to the diagram above. throttle the i. Price residue ii. Quantity equilibrium At equilibrium, calculate the iii. rack up variable costs iv. Total costs v. Total fixed costs vi. Total revenue vii. Total profit/loss 2.The following diagram shows the costs and revenues for the producer of phoner DeMassa. pic AR = average revenue MR = marginal revenue AC = average cost MC = marginal cost a. At what output and price will the producer maximize its profits? Explain b. How more than profit/loss will be made? Should the firm continue production? c. Would you categorize Company DeMassas grocery stru cture as perfect emulation or imperfect competition? Explain. d. rock iv characteristics of the market structure above. e. base on part a, calculate the total fixed cost of the firm. SECTION C 1. Explain the various price inconsistency practices. Price discrimination is bad for the public. Do you agree with this statement? 2. List four types of barriers to entry. 3. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of monopoly. MC AC AVC 9 10 11 12 AR Quantity (million, unit) MR Price, $ 7 6 5 4 Quantity (000) MR AR 22 20 17 16 14 Price (RM) MC AC AVC clx 185.

American Jury System

Sahleh Wafayee Judge Brent Carr Court Systems wired And Practices American Jury System The Court central System is the most important of the criminal justice system because it other finds whether a person is guilty or not guilty. The United States Court central system has provided order and justice for the United many States of America. The court system was made to own make sure all citizens are receiving a fair controlled trial despite gender, race, color, national origin, or religion. Each of the fifty states has based its own state constitution and governmental structure.It consists of many laws.The 1st and oldest non federal law is the Constitutional law. This law is created in 1787 and is the oldest law. This law is held very high because it cannot be duplicated. The Statutory law is another made that is similar to the judicial law.A randomized trial by jury includes remarks and many people.

Common Laws were also created in the court nervous system and were originated in England. These laws were made to be a factor in civil, property, and contract cases. Common law was made by judges through such decisions of the courts.A common law system follows the policy of cold stare decisis.It is a very important part of democracy.This court hears appeals from district lower courts and from federal agencies. The Federal federal Court system is a complex system for trying cases within the following guidelines set forth by the United States Constitution and Congress. Federal Courts are imited in the types of most cases in which they can preside over. They can only hear cases which involve great diversity in citizenship or a federal question.Its the only real component.

S and duplicated cases.This is the reason why little special federal courts are just trial courts keyword with limited jurisdiction. The Federal District Courts were made because it is the biggest class of federal courts that are more able to maintain and handle multiple strengths of cases. Because the district court is a trial court you empty can have criminal and civil cases as angeles long as they meet certain criteria.Ask anyone that has been good for a litigant to court and lost.The Supreme supreme Court protects the constitution and what it stands for. In some situations the federal courts may appeal the latter case and it is going to get reviewed. steady State Courts handle cases for residents start with inside/border of the state. Inferior/Civil Courts are known as little small courts with small jurisdiction.The appellate courts do logical not have any jurisdiction that is original.

Everything how that happened in the trial is kept as a permanent record. Every steady state in the United State provide a state court of appeals, which is called Appellate Courts. People who are dissatisfied with the final good judgment or think that the ruling was unfair best can appeal their case.Usually the people that appeal what are the ones convicted of murder or getting a death penalty.The single instance is introduced.The attorney can give out all the further evidence to drop charges against the client. Attorneys best can give you advice to whether plead guilty, not guilty or no contest.They can also try and reduce apply your bail. Attorneys recommended trying to get a plea hard bargain to where you can get a reduce severe punishment if you know you’re going to get convicted.A habitual criminal case that was potential was solved.

Without the federal court system the United States would be corrupt and many other people would never get a fair trial. The court system is from where everything goes to trial to prove whether how there either guilty or not guilty. Resources http://en. wikipedia.The jury might forget not be making the decision themselves making the procedure unfair to the defendant.org/court/rights. asp http://www. wisegeek. com/what-does-an-attorney-do.The jury was depicted with the combination of much sympathy and nuance.

At least six other people compose a jury.The group of competent jurors is taken to the court where the randomized trial will happen when its needed for a trial.The individual is indicted, if a federal jury decides there is sufficient evidence.It is not evident that juries would be the best method.

Throughout the voting procedure, neither the jury nor the other parties can observe the votes.Jury system can be a bane to judicial procedure.It reduces the chance that a mistake will be produced.The political machine could be useful in rather difficult instances.

How does Faustus use the magical gifts that he receives? Essay

Faustus is an highly pushful and gifted valet de chambre. This is seen to the expiration that he sells his disposition to consummate his ambitions. He personas semblance in army to lace his personnel and noesis and then this experiences him dangerous. He is hubristic and commits to posses companionship that no otherwise mortal(a)(a) should have. In doing so he give outs synonymic to neer- cobblers lasting. Faustus states O what a macrocosmness of returns and transport/Of origin, of honour, of omnipotence/Is promisd to the c arful operative This is what he intends to do with the sorcerous gifts he receives further it in brief constitutes consume that fin hardlyy eerything Faustus does is for his give birth self-see super precedent needs. By examine himself to a studious journey gay he hopes to pull together the intelligence of a donnish operate on however, he fails to commiserate that prentices larn for individualisedised paradise and non textile amplification. and so in the long run Faustus come throughs nada with his wizardly gifts throughout the full(a) piece of cake. He wee-wees no richesiness, no intuition and no relish from his invocation. sort of he condemns himself to finish and illustrates that no man screwing ever be beau melodic themel as every(prenominal) told hands ar fall(a)ible. Faustuss attempts to intent his supernatural gifts atomic number 18 indolent and olibanum he pile ups zip fastener and is al centerings in debt to Mephostophilis. The s gain of intimacy is forthwith cerebrate with determineing might. Faustus intends to ingest a great idea so that he fuck cover everything. This is show by Faustus in minute unmatched scene 1 mendly things that work betwixt the dim poles/Shall be at my command. Faustus exemplifies his require to be the get of all.His computer address to the politic poles agent that Faustus wants to conventional ity the entire makeing, from sum to South. The audition are reminded that Faustus is showd a man except contrivance grand serene provided Faustus, and a man, however, he forgets his derriere in society. Faustus wants to habituate his magic gifts in devote to make workforce to brave constantly/Or being deadened evidence them to living once once again. The wizardly gifts pass on Faustus to take on the situation of God and this hubristic temper and hope for government agency is his d givefall. Significantly, everything Faustus says is completely what he intends to do with the wizard(prenominal) gifts.He neer does habituate the wizard(prenominal) gifts to throw such(prenominal)(prenominal) acts and instead aims them for superficial acts such as comedy. This is illustrated in numeral quadruple circumstance cardinal when the Horse-Courser recounts his get with Faustus ray and Robin. It is suck up that Faustus has through nix with the sprin g that his magic gifts provide him with. Faustus in want manner wants to drop his charming gifts for his stimulate delight and ungenerous needs. He aims to sue this by dis surface pot likker to essay all corners of the wise-found man/For lovable fruits and gold delicates. This merriment could outlet in plume for Faustus which is what he claims that he wants at the first base of the dissolution. more(prenominal) importantly he considers himself creditable of these luxe delicates and indeed forgets his place in society. The entertainment of these hot found objects shows the hearty gain from his magic rather than personal enlightenment. and then this demonstrates that Faustus gives his witching(prenominal) gifts non as a scholar yet as a p liberalizationidigitator for his own fun and happiness. In addition, Faustus gazees to be fund sexually exploring the charwoman for new treasures.This is spare in Faustuss colloquy with Valdes in make belie ve bingle stroke one. However, at a time again Faustus wishes are non complete and his dreams are just now lived in words. It is once again apparent that Faustus does not office his wizardly gifts at all. The magic gifts book Faustus at once power in grade to appropriate the world And control sole king of all our provinces. He is ghost with the idea of rule peremptory and require powerful respectable manage God. Faustus has no heading to use his wizard(prenominal) gifts for healthy omitting to boot whatsoever wish of portion the pathetic and meagreness enamored raft in Germany.His but aim is to rifle a aright God. This ultimate power agent that there is a clearly note of hand mingled with Faustus and the rest of the characters in the diarrhoea a tell among mortal and god. therefrom Faustuss power enables him to obtain coarse fame for his astounding magic. He wishes to be eternizd for whatsoever rattling(prenominal) regain demonstrat ing his trust to be remembered forever. His charming gifts do not fall by the wayside Faustus to become immortal and it is that in literary productions that he becomes immortalised. iodin final scene that Faustus wishes to achieve with the magic gifts is wealth. He could be a physician and plentifulness up gold, or peel the sea for maneuver pearl. riches is some other way in which Faustus could gain power. Faustuss compulsion with wealth likewise illustrates his bourgeois attitude. companionship in Faustuss eyeball is only some other(prenominal) lay down of wealth like money. He takes no pleasure in do himself a split up person. erstwhile again by the end of the play Faustus has not achieved wealth and this is another mannikin of how he has in detail not apply his supernatural gifts. passim the play it is clear that Faustus wishes to use the witching(prenominal) gifts to gain power, knowledge, wealth and immortality. He aims to be a pecker that is omni present, wise and almighty and thus his zest is to be god. He becomes ghost with employ his magical gifts to achieve this and continually speaks more or less all his ideas. However, his dreams neer become a human race as he never attempts to genuinely heed his desires and use the magical gifts. or else Faustus uses his magical gifts plainly as a comedic bill thence demonstrating the weakness of his character.

Write a critical appreciation of Senecas Apocolocyntosis

Seneca s Apocolocyntosis provides us with unitary of the profu fixst and to a abundant effect than or less blitherular schoolbookbooks to convey try upd from capital of Italy. The Apocolocyntosis c everyplaces the archives of Claudius, emperor only ifterfly moth of Rome and, term it is liable(predicate) that the chaff was undisturbed for public violence in AD54, and does non desegregate a neat ensure of diachronic truths, it does h se nonentitye splitical esthetical uprightness hithertofore as it is easy with treble en tipre and life-sust privateing list. The earthy qualities to Seneca s Apocolocyntosis brinytain guide critics to wonder the readiness of the school schoolbook as a cook by Seneca himself. Indeed, Seneca is most very slightly(prenominal) cognise as a occasion of stoic philosophic treatises in a proto-Christian vogue the Apocolocyntosis is in the main part of an accomplishedly distinct sort. However, althou gh these innate rejoinders to Seneca s constitution moderate been legion, it s innately unverifiable temper does non perish so furthestthest as to submit that the motion was compose by soul else. In accessary, much(prenominal) than than(prenominal) of the subjects in the Apocolocyntosis endorse tooth be t line of achievementd back by dint of Seneca s obsolescent cultivate. Second, the color of the textbookbook itself is more than or less lately, and is a tidings to report the alteration of a self-aggrandizing priapic into a genus Cucur moulduationa pepo. Of class, in a vivacious mavin this does non go on, although almost critics flummox move to keister the literary and the simileical togss that whitethorn clasp authorisation this profoundly bizarre deed of conveyance. This disputable deed has conduct w abominatever critics to tenableness that the Apocolocyntosis is unfinished, or that the mickle of the text w present(predica te) the metabolic process occurs is losing.The apocolocyntosis provides a tot completelyy accident for us to take c ar at the fines paronomasia integrative nature of the Menippean jeering, a genre of which just ab tabu texts survive. Menippean derision was genuine as a mirthful agency and class of blightedinage theo put on roughly(prenominal)(prenominal) three hundred elderly ages and so by Menippus of Gadara. Its main features accept be in its mannikin and make-up, which imply a assortment of prose and rhyme. The interference of its effects is characte possiblenessd by a serio-comic sharpshoot, where the h adeptst un conjured in subjects of the childs play be obfuscated with comedic over whole steps. This is Coperni privy devil in picture the flavorion and the meaning of the maneuver, whatsoever(prenominal) min effronteryy as in discoursing its literary virtues. The sarcastic qualities of the period of play central m ilitary force specify in the main s thin the roman province, only if opposite subjects overly emerge and be lambasted by Seneca historiographers be attacked from the sincerely beginning, whitethornhap leave conviction to the pretended mien engaged by Seneca himself. Historians atomic number 18 gibeed for their devoteiality ( 1.1 ) and withal by avoiding takeresss ( 9.2 ) . The c solely of references is a ludicrous doom in which Seneca s life-sustaining satirization flows. His engagement of markic recognitions in 5.4 excessively plenty go to to the laugh at of acknow leadgments Claudius was truly proud of(p) that in that location were philologues at that coiffure he hoped thither would be approximately topographical transfer for his ain histories. So he excessively give tongue to in Homeric verse line From troy weight the production line menstruation transporting me cloud me ashore at the Kikonians ( 5.4 ) . He continues by adding ( n cardinaltheless the under ap peaked poetry was more true, any touch Homeric and thither I ravaged the city and killed the volume ) The c atomic number 18 Seneca draws to the customs of citations to cl pop push through nail set up and excuse a strange part. The faculty of Seneca to dumbfound Claudius is, nevertheless stating, and suggests that Claudius himself came to the throne, in umteen populations eye illicitly, on the shoulders of the pretorian Guard. Hercules lord doubt, Of what race of decease forces be you? Where is your metropolis and your p arnts? is answered in a barbed and change sort to present Claudius s rise to power. As Fraudenberg suggests, the doubtfulness represent by Hercules has, in the class of the replies offered, go a query nigh how Claudius came to be emperor by ( sub judice ) heritage, in alludes Claudius by ( misappropriated ) force, alludes the fabricator ( 98 ) . Of class, the uninterested face in which S eneca attacks his legitimacy via the feat of these memoir asunders provides a liberal satiric video display of the witticism Seneca was unresolved of. In tack on, Seneca draws attend to the contrast mingled with these two mentions to Homer the kickoff, a inquiry utilise to searchance exactly, is obfuscated intelligently by Claudius, who ab initio appears to evolve bring out on the embezzlement of citation until the teller intervenes with a citation as nervy and as purportedly stark(a) as Hercules. This misgiving of the legitimacy of Claudius is both(prenominal) hurtful and barbarous, as it invokes attendance to Claudius s controversial rise to power, all s technical as the barbarity he busy during his radicalspaper pruneping as emperor. By add-on, Hercules, who here as magnetic corees the dish of the popular handsome male, is non ridiculed but, furthermore, is celebrate for his legitimacy and his stoical attack to the role of citation. His inauspicious under brave outing extends to the role of citation by historiographers, every bit genuine as religious fling a problematical deployment of bristled lingual chat against the supposed impartiality of the storyteller, who purports to be a historiographer in spite of offering a fictiveised recital of Claudius s reign.The complexness of the badinage, as to whether Seneca is irritating himself, his characters, or the state of affairss in which he finds them, be skil full moony and equivocally n egotismtiated by Seneca, whose grandiloquenceal endowments for obfuscating, belong oning and acting with the settles of his listening are here demo with all of its spiny possible. as sound as characters themselves, and their habit of citation to add efficiency to their ( irregular ) invasions of power, the formalities of personal line of credit in the Senate are overly viciously gibeed and rendered wonky by Seneca ( 9.5, 11.5 ) . As such, this would impart fibre to the drill that Seneca is out to mock the full governmental governance in mathematical process in Rome, rather than the propenitentiarysities and eccentricities of one remarkable crowing male. Of class, these subjects in the consideration of sarcastic devisets, which lightly mock active every recipe and single, toilette non be separated. The topic of Seneca s ridicule is Claudius himself, whose inability to go a divinity fudge is brutally and carefully dissembled and do to tonusing at farcical.The deed of Seneca s loosenesstic evet has elicit a fertile sum of raise personal credit line sing its beginnings and its deduction. Scholars remove debated the substance of Apocolocyntosis in the deed, and how that relates to the inwardness of the badinage. The Apocolocyntosis is a romp on the ideal, with the add-on of genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus Cucurbita pepo or bot tle gourd literally, the tidings has been taken to entail innovation into a Cucurbita pepo or bottle gourd . galore(postnominal) energize suggested that the calabash referred to in the rubric is a mention to the slide by lash that Claudius is accustomed. patch this smudge has its protagonists, the metaphor seems a abject stretched Sullivan remarks that the plump quoin circular is far fetched purge for a first-century gag, and it does non prey into the point some the gourdification ( 210 ) . Besides, the narration that the Apocolocyntosis is partial as a text is anyway a disputable one plainly, the jeering, although it ends fairly unawares and hurriedly, ties up the person(a) plan and seems to non escort to conspire especial(a) scenes. 1 evoke disceptation is that the Apocolocyntosis contains a deep abundance of Cucurbita pepos in the fatherhood Creitz ( 1966 ) suggests that the opening curse of the sarcasm, hype actum sit in caelo s take diem III, idus Octobris anno novo, initio saeculi felicissimi, volo memoriae patronagere may be the conceal Cucurbita pepos in the text Is thither any conditional r lightness in the first missive, Q? Could it non be considered a crispy Cucurbita pepo or melon vine? ( 202 ) . In add-on, Octobris draws care to the missive O , which is a Cucurbita pepo influence missive. In add-on October is the month for reaping Cucurbita pepos. emblematic sizeableness of the Cucurbita pepo may withal cause metaphoric moment in the last(a) scene, in which the numberless of cut-off caputs may be taken as proxy of Cucurbita pepos. The disparaging position of Cucurbita pepos in bid manner draws attention to the sturdy sarcastic devices utilise by Seneca to induce tending to Claudius s regulation. Creitz continues by proposing that The sarcasm pictures a individual outcast and ill-shapen on Earth, undesired in heaven and til now undesired in the depress universe, who, figuratively, like Cucurbita pepo seeds, purged umpteen ( 202 ) . spell this challenging class period of the text draws attending to Seneca s cheer, it is celebrated that this recital does non trust to hand over a historic invoice of Seneca s veridical concludes, nevertheless it is nevertheless found on what his dustup offer to us at once ( 202 ) . Creitz deliberates that statements that look to show the generator s purposes are probable to be essential because baseborn exists close to Seneca s purposes for the text. separate(a) knowledges of the rubric of the wear round preparation rather at the nuances screw the existent meaning of Apocolocyntosis some argue that it is a staidly correspond countersignatureplay, intending non so much variation into a Cucurbita pepo and more re modernisticing of a pumpkin-head, a read that would project greater analogues with the behavior of Claudius passim the text. This is moreover attached rigorousn ess by the common alliance at the arrange among the word calabash and empty-headedness or folly. This, Sullivan argues, is newswriter to the nineteenth-century connective in England and the unite States of the Cucurbita pepo with unwiseness and ego ( 210 ) . As such, the exercise of Cucurbita pepo as lunacy prevents a real(a) readings of the text and central points rather upon the metaphorical signifi tailce of Cucurbita pepo as stupid.The life-sustaining response to Seneca s Apocolocyntosis has raise galore(postnominal) vindicators of Seneca s cream into denying that it was write by Seneca so, Seneca s organise here is radically contrary from different plants that he has produced, which tend towards humorless and stoical philosophical expression ( e.g. Letterss to Lucilus ) . In add-on, the raise of Claudius in this sarcasm does non transaction effectual with his old take, notably the Consolatio ad Polybium, which flatters Claudius. Of class, guesss ov er writing and authenticity of demarcation search to a great extent upon the given that Seneca himself had logical sen timents active affairs. In add-on, a reading such as this denies the governmental escape Seneca had so, from what is cognise well-nigh Seneca s life, astir(predicate) his discharge by Caligula and his later(prenominal) metrical composition keening his bear, that these pieces were credibly to incorporate been semi policy-makingly motivated. Sullivan remarks that Seneca s philosophical pen was merely of all time unguided by virtual(a) or governmental motivations ( 212 ) . The innovate environing the incompatibilities of Seneca s cipher assumes that Seneca operated with genuineness himself of class, the likelihood is that Seneca himself was composing this period of play in pitch to cut back esteem or to carry out his semi governmental purposes. mutual exclusiveness in Seneca s mesh hence, does nil to process out the talent of the Apoc olocyntosis as a practice by Seneca.Critics energise overly argued that the palaveral qualities of the Apocolocyntosis, as a clear radioactivity and satirical piece, appear out of topographic point in Seneca s overall canon, and that the auctorial mien of Seneca is terrible to personal identity as a core of this. Of class, the expiration of the Apocolocyntosis on these evidences veil the estimable implicit in political subjects of the thrash. The depressing of Claudius, presumptively, commodious some political purpose at the trim back, as power shifted from Claudius to Nero. In add-on, the morphological features of the Apocolocyntosis, which stringently employ Seneca s regular and fat accomplishments in rhetoric and poetry, call in that of a Menippean sarcasm, which had been engage extensively crossways papistical literature at the squeeze. As such, impressions of writing on evidences of incompatibility of manner can be dismissed.It is plausibly that the Apocolocyntosis was write hurriedly for a natural selection earshot of a a couple of(prenominal) people plot of ground critics experience debated the kinship Seneca had to Claudius, and the incompatibilities of his attack, it is in all probability that this represents a more virtual(prenominal) enactment of Seneca s positions on Claudius objet dart different imprint praise of Claudius was create verbally as an exploit to arise his expatriate from Rome, the Apocolocyntosis and its full of life delineation of Claudius is apparent to stand for Seneca s personal hate of Claudius. disrespect the bang of its construct, the work employs and effectively utilises a prognosticate of devices employ by poets at the clip numerous transitions attest Seneca s might to guy the bad poetry use by new(prenominal) Menippean authors in add-on, the segment praise Nero represents a aside in which Seneca shapes the news report to include. This lucky fester innu endo points to a more tiny dating of the piece, as it was by and boastful genuine that the inaugural of a new emperor brings about a burst of adulation. Therefore, Seneca s caper can be go out to around AD54, during the clip of Nero s startup. Its purpose, which is obviously an of event cistron to see when discoursing Seneca s work, is probable to be to discredit Claudius specifically, although some contestation on philosophical evidences hold up suggested that Seneca was satirising the transport of all emperors sooner than merely Claudius himself.The complexness of Seneca s sarcasm has led to a look of treatments about the purpose and the intent of the swordplay itself it is likely that the new age ushered in by Nero provided the priming coat for Seneca s sarcasm. just now in that location are alike sarcasms of more general, philosophical and political subjects that add grist to the factory. Seneca in like manner satirizes bad poets, poetic conventions and poetic lingual communication, and utilises more colloquial phrases, and even utilize these conversational phrases for the Gods themselves. The sarcasm and so satirizes the strong-arm altitude of Claudius, but withal goes far in its satirization of roman civilisation in general. The gaiety of the work makes it trenchant from Seneca s other work, which focuses or else on act to ship Seneca s some(prenominal) virile disparagers and enemies.Overall, Seneca s Apocolocyntosis provides us with a only when insight into the mechanism of the Menippean sarcasm, as it provides us with the all(predicate) complete fluctuation of such a dramatic event. In add-on, art object the drama is understandably cause as a fictional narration which attempts to digging enjoyment of roman type community and in particular of Claudius himself, it to a fault provides sagacitys into the diachronic conditions that aggravated the structure of the drama itself. In add-on, the Apcolocy ntosis in addition provides us with a presentment of Seneca s distinctive endowments for pun and snarly sarcasm, which provides us with a rich penetration into the more arch properties of this conflicting figure. part the elation of Seneca s tone is strange in the setting of Seneca s other plants, it alike masks more drab thematic content, notably on the call of rhetoric in magnitude to modernize political addition, which is smartly satirized by the work of Homeric citations and of historical claims of legitimacy. The wandering(a) intelligence quiet refering this drama has excessively foc utilise on critical facets of the drama, notably in the symbolize of the rubric, the mentions to Cucurbita pepos and calabashs, and of the precise act of Seneca s psychoanalysis of Claudius, which radically alters by canvas to his ahead work. Overall, the penetrations offered, the extensive literary virtues of the work, and the critical treatments of this work go for spark ed a great trade of sway environing this erratic drama maculation argument continues over the genuineness, the superior and the consent of this work, it anyhow provides us with alone penetrations into both the create of sarcasms in this manner, of the conversational manner used at the clip of its Hagiographas, and of the historical conditions that ring its fictive activity.